| Gene Symbol | HPSE |
|---|---|
| Entrez Gene | 10855 |
| Alt Symbol | HPA, HPA1, HPR1, HPSE1, HSE1 |
| Species | Human |
| Gene Type | protein-coding |
| Description | heparanase |
| Other Description | endo-glucoronidase|heparanase-1 |
| Swissprots | Q53GE5 E9PCA9 C7F7I4 Q9Y251 E9PGR1 Q9UL39 C7F7I3 A9JIG7 |
| Accessions | CAH05691 CAH05695 CAI40110 EAX05932 EAX05933 Q9Y251 AF084467 AAD54516 AF144325 AAD41342 AF152376 AAD45669 AF155510 AAD54941 AF165154 AAD45379 AJ627581 CAF28887 AK075400 BAG52128 AK090910 AK222986 BAD96706 AM419200 CAL91960 AW293069 AY948074 AAX47106 BC029464 BC051321 AAH51321 FJ517659 FJ517660 GQ337901 ACT98237 GQ337902 ACT98238 HM187643 ADK11282 NM_001098540 NP_001092010 NM_001166498 NP_001159970 NM_001199830 NP_001186759 NM_006665 NP_006656 |
| Function | Endoglycosidase that cleaves heparan sulfate proteoglycans (HSPGs) into heparan sulfate side chains and core proteoglycans. Participates in extracellular matrix (ECM) degradation and remodeling. Selectively cleaves the linkage between a glucuronic acid unit and an N-sulfo glucosamine unit carrying either a 3-O-sulfo or a 6-O-sulfo group. Can also cleave the linkage between a glucuronic acid unit and an N-sulfo glucosamine unit carrying a 2-O-sulfo group, but not linkages between a glucuronic acid unit and a 2-O-sulfated iduronic acid moiety. It is essentially inactive at neutral pH but becomes active under acidic conditions such as during tumor invasion and in inflammatory processes. Facilitates cell migration associated with metastasis, wound healing and inflammation. Enhances shedding of syndecans, and increases endothelial invasion and angiogenesis in myelomas. Acts as procoagulant by increasing the generation of activation factor X in the presence of tissue factor and activation fa |
| Subcellular Location | Lysosome membrane; Peripheral membrane protein. Secreted. Nucleus. Note=Proheparanase is secreted via vesicles of the Golgi. Interacts with cell membrane heparan sulfate proteoglycans (HSPGs). Endocytosed and accumulates in endosomes. Transferred to lysosomes where it is proteolytically cleaved to produce the active enzyme. Under certain stimuli, transferred to the cell surface. Associates with lipid rafts. Colocalizes with SDC1 in endosomal/lysosomal vesicles. Accumulates in perinuclear lysosomal vesicles. Heparin retains proheparanase in the extracellular medium (By similarity). {ECO:0000250}. |
| Tissue Specificity | Highly expressed in placenta and spleen and weakly expressed in lymph node, thymus, peripheral blood leukocytes, bone marrow, endothelial cells, fetal liver and tumor tissues. Also expressed in hair follicles, specifically in both Henle's and Huxley's layers of inner the root sheath (IRS) at anagen phase. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:10395326, ECO:0000269|PubMed:10405343, ECO:0000269|PubMed:10764835, ECO:0000269|PubMed:18557927, ECO:0000269|PubMed:20309870}. |
| Top Pathways | Proteoglycans in cancer, Glycosaminoglycan degradation |