| Gene Symbol | Aox1 |
|---|---|
| Entrez Gene | 11761 |
| Alt Symbol | AI196512, AI255253, Ao, Aox-1, Aox-2, Aox2, Moro, Ro |
| Species | Mouse |
| Gene Type | protein-coding |
| Description | aldehyde oxidase 1 |
| Other Description | aldehyde oxidase 2|azaheterocycle hydroxylase 1|retinal oxidase |
| Swissprots | Q9Z2Z5 Q9WU85 O54754 |
| Accessions | AAD31763 EDL00067 O54754 AB017482 BAA36834 AF076216 AAC99382 AK137697 BAE23466 BC026132 AAH26132 XM_006495630 XP_006495693 NM_009676 NP_033806 |
| Function | Oxidase with broad substrate specificity, oxidizing aromatic azaheterocycles, such as N1-methylnicotinamide and N- methylphthalazinium, as well as aldehydes, such as benzaldehyde, retinal, pyridoxal, and vanillin. Plays a role in the metabolism of xenobiotics and drugs containing aromatic azaheterocyclic substituents. Participates in the bioactivation of prodrugs such as famciclovir, catalyzing the oxidation step from 6- deoxypenciclovir to penciclovir, which is a potent antiviral agent. Also plays a role in the reductive metabolism of the xenobiotic imidacloprid (IMI) via its nitroreduction to nitrosoguanidine (IMI-NNO) and aminoguanidine (IMI-NNH(2)). Is probably involved in the regulation of reactive oxygen species homeostasis. May be a prominent source of superoxide generation via the one-electron reduction of molecular oxygen. Also may catalyze nitric oxide (NO) production via the reduction of nitrite to NO with NADH or aldehyde as electron donor. May play a role in adipogenesis. |
| Subcellular Location | Cytoplasm {ECO:0000269|PubMed:10377246}. |
| Tissue Specificity | Highest expression in esophagus. Moderately low expression in lung, liver, heart, Harderian gland, olfactory mucosa, skin and testis. In brain, expression is very high in choroid plexus, high in hind brain and low in hippocampus and cerebellum. In spinal cord expression is strongest in anterior horns. Low expression detected in spleen and eye. AOX1 expression in the livers of mice is approximately seven times greater in males than females. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:10377246, ECO:0000269|PubMed:23263164, ECO:0000269|PubMed:23462233, ECO:0000269|PubMed:9243637}. |
| Top Pathways | Tyrosine metabolism, Vitamin B6 metabolism, Nicotinate and nicotinamide metabolism, Retinol metabolism, Tryptophan metabolism |