| Gene Symbol | TXNRD1 |
|---|---|
| Entrez Gene | 7296 |
| Alt Symbol | GRIM-12, TR, TR1, TRXR1, TXNR |
| Species | Human |
| Gene Type | protein-coding |
| Description | thioredoxin reductase 1 |
| Other Description | KM-102-derived reductase-like factor|gene associated with retinoic and IFN-induced mortality 12 protein|gene associated with retinoic and interferon-induced mortality 12 protein|oxidoreductase|thioredoxin reductase 1, cytoplasmic|thioredoxin reductase GRIM-12|thioredoxin reductase TR1 |
| Swissprots | E9PMY9 Q6VBP9 Q6VBP2 Q6FI31 Q76P53 Q99475 Q6YNQ1 Q8WVC8 B7Z904 Q16881 Q9UH79 Q9UES8 Q6VB41 Q6VB40 Q6VBQ0 B7Z1F4 Q6VB42 B7Z3Y8 Q7LA96 F5H780 Q6VBP4 Q6VBP5 Q6VBP3 |
| Accessions | AAZ67916 EAW97743 EAW97744 EAW97745 Q16881 AF077367 AAC69621 AF208018 AAF15900 AI097548 AJ001050 CAA04503 AK128515 BAC87474 AK129977 AK226071 AK293322 BAH11490 AK295067 BAH11961 AK296495 BAH12374 AK304241 BAH14140 AK308881 AK312262 BAG35193 AL701549 AY057105 AAL15432 AY344070 AY344071 AY344072 AY344074 AY344077 AY344080 AY344081 AAQ62461 AY344083 AAQ62462 AY344084 AAQ62463 AY344086 AAQ62464 AY344087 AAQ62465 AY344088 AY344089 AAQ62466 AY344092 AAQ62467 AY344093 AAQ62468 AY344095 AAQ62469 AY344096 AAQ62470 AY344669 AY344670 AAQ62471 AY344671 AY344672 AY344673 AAQ62472 AY344675 AY344679 AAQ62473 AY423378 BC018122 AAH18122 BC042974 BG772375 BT019640 AAV38446 CR536506 CAG38744 D88687 BAA13674 DA238692 DA319870 DA440625 DC351122 DC400503 DC401138 DC418649 S79851 AAB35418 X91247 CAA62629 NM_001093771 NP_001087240 NM_001261445 NP_001248374 NM_001261446 NP_001248375 NM_003330 NP_003321 NM_182729 NP_877393 NM_182742 NP_877419 NM_182743 NP_877420 |
| Function | Isoform 1 may possess glutaredoxin activity as well as thioredoxin reductase activity and induces actin and tubulin polymerization, leading to formation of cell membrane protrusions. Isoform 4 enhances the transcriptional activity of estrogen receptors alpha and beta while isoform 5 enhances the transcriptional activity of the beta receptor only. Isoform 5 also mediates cell death induced by a combination of interferon-beta and retinoic acid. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:15199063, ECO:0000269|PubMed:18042542, ECO:0000269|PubMed:8577704, ECO:0000269|PubMed:9774665}. |
| Subcellular Location | Isoform 5: Cytoplasm. |
| Tissue Specificity | Isoform 1 is expressed predominantly in Leydig cells (at protein level). Also expressed in ovary, spleen, heart, liver, kidney and pancreas and in a number of cancer cell lines. Isoform 4 is widely expressed with highest levels in kidney, testis, uterus, ovary, prostate, placenta and fetal liver. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:18042542, ECO:0000269|PubMed:8999974}. |
| Top Pathways | Selenocompound metabolism, Pyrimidine metabolism |