| Gene Symbol | ADAR |
|---|---|
| Entrez Gene | 103 |
| Alt Symbol | ADAR1, AGS6, DRADA, DSH, DSRAD, G1P1, IFI-4, IFI4, K88DSRBP, P136 |
| Species | Human |
| Gene Type | protein-coding |
| Description | adenosine deaminase, RNA-specific |
| Other Description | 136 kDa double-stranded RNA-binding protein|RNA-specific adenosine deaminase|adenosine deaminase acting on RNA 1-A|double-stranded RNA-specific adenosine deaminase|dsRNA adenosine deaminase|interferon-induced protein 4|interferon-inducible protein 4 |
| Swissprots | D3DV76 Q9BYM3 P55265 O43859 O43860 B1AQR0 O15223 Q9BYM4 B1AQQ9 |
| Accessions | AAB97116 AAB97117 AAB97118 CAA67172 EAW53183 EAW53184 EAW53185 EAW53186 EAW53187 EAW53188 EAW53189 EAW53190 P55265 AA449679 AB209891 BAD93128 AF084516 AK097241 AK304153 BAH14119 BC017853 BC038227 AAH38227 BE886208 BU430287 BX538232 CAD98075 BX640741 CAE45853 CD108625 CR982397 DA507408 DR158819 EF190448 ABM73519 EF190449 ABM73520 EF190450 EF190451 EF190452 EF190453 EU176459 ABW03910 EU176799 ABW03600 KJ544856 AHZ44503 U10439 AAB06697 U18121 AAC13782 X79448 CAA55967 X79449 CAA55968 X98559 CAA67169 X98561 X98563 XM_006711109 XP_006711172 XM_006711111 XP_006711174 XM_006711112 XP_006711175 XM_006711113 XP_006711176 XM_011509060 XP_011507362 XM_011509061 XP_011507363 XM_011509062 XP_011507364 NM_001025107 NP_001020278 NM_001111 NP_001102 NM_001193495 NP_001180424 NM_015840 NP_056655 NM_015841 NP_056656 |
| Function | Catalyzes the hydrolytic deamination of adenosine to inosine in double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) referred to as A-to-I RNA editing. This may affect gene expression and function in a number of ways that include mRNA translation by changing codons and hence the amino acid sequence of proteins; pre-mRNA splicing by altering splice site recognition sequences; RNA stability by changing sequences involved in nuclease recognition; genetic stability in the case of RNA virus genomes by changing sequences during viral RNA replication; and RNA structure-dependent activities such as microRNA production or targeting or protein-RNA interactions. Can edit both viral and cellular RNAs and can edit RNAs at multiple sites (hyper-editing) or at specific sites (site-specific editing). Its cellular RNA substrates include: bladder cancer- associated protein (BLCAP), neurotransmitter receptors for glutamate (GRIA2) and serotonin (HTR2C) and GABA receptor (GABRA3). Site-specific RNA editing of transcripts encoding |
| Subcellular Location | Isoform 1: Cytoplasm. Nucleus. Note=Shuttles between the cytoplasm and nucleus. |
| Tissue Specificity | Ubiquitously expressed, highest levels were found in brain and lung. Isoform 5 is expressed at higher levels in astrocytomas as compared to normal brain tissue and expression increases strikingly with the severity of the tumor, being higher in the most aggressive tumors. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:18178553}. |
| Top Pathways | Cytosolic DNA-sensing pathway, Measles, Influenza A |