| Gene Symbol | PCNA |
|---|---|
| Entrez Gene | 5111 |
| Alt Symbol | ATLD2 |
| Species | Human |
| Gene Type | protein-coding |
| Description | proliferating cell nuclear antigen |
| Other Description | DNA polymerase delta auxiliary protein|cyclin |
| Swissprots | D3DW02 B2R897 P12004 |
| Accessions | AAA60040 AAM78556 AAP58729 AAP58730 AAP58731 AAP58732 EAX10428 EAX10429 EAX10430 P12004 AK300558 BAG62264 AK311014 AK313286 BAG36094 BC000491 AAH00491 BC062439 AAH62439 BG612192 BU626265 CB990423 CR536501 CAG38740 CR541799 CAG46598 D28458 BAA05824 DQ891403 ABM82329 DQ894581 ABM85507 M15796 AAA35736 NM_002592 NP_002583 NM_182649 NP_872590 |
| Function | Auxiliary protein of DNA polymerase delta and is involved in the control of eukaryotic DNA replication by increasing the polymerase's processibility during elongation of the leading strand. Induces a robust stimulatory effect on the 3'- 5' exonuclease and 3'-phosphodiesterase, but not apurinic- apyrimidinic (AP) endonuclease, APEX2 activities. Has to be loaded onto DNA in order to be able to stimulate APEX2. Plays a key role in DNA damage response (DDR) by being conveniently positioned at the replication fork to coordinate DNA replication with DNA repair and DNA damage tolerance pathways. Acts as a loading platform to recruit DDR proteins that allow completion of DNA replication after DNA damage and promote postreplication repair: Monoubiquitinated PCNA leads to recruitment of translesion (TLS) polymerases, while 'Lys-63'-linked polyubiquitination of PCNA is involved in error-free pathway and employs recombination mechanisms to synthesize across the lesion. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:18719106 |
| Subcellular Location | Nucleus {ECO:0000269|PubMed:24115439}. Note=Forms nuclear foci representing sites of ongoing DNA replication and vary in morphology and number during S phase. Together with APEX2, is redistributed in discrete nuclear foci in presence of oxidative DNA damaging agents. |
| Top Pathways | DNA replication, Mismatch repair, Cell cycle, Base excision repair, Nucleotide excision repair |