| Gene Symbol | AOX1 |
|---|---|
| Entrez Gene | 316 |
| Alt Symbol | AO, AOH1 |
| Species | Human |
| Gene Type | protein-coding |
| Description | aldehyde oxidase 1 |
| Other Description | aldehyde oxidase|azaheterocycle hydroxylase |
| Swissprots | Q06278 O14765 Q9BYF0 Q53RR8 Q9UPG6 Q53TV3 |
| Accessions | AAB83966 AAB83968 AAX93285 AAY24265 CAW36666 CAW39000 CAW41181 CAW47197 CAW63617 CAW71847 CAW80339 CAW82831 CAW86206 CAY77140 CBC02619 CBC04872 CBC06832 CBC12951 CBC45781 CBC62201 CBC79136 CBC84084 CBC89038 EAW70208 EAW70209 Q06278 AB046692 BAB40305 AK297930 BAG60247 AK301052 BAG62663 AK307738 AL079797 BC117179 AAI17180 BC117181 AAI17182 BM681054 CB153864 L11005 AAA96650 XM_011511062 XP_011509364 XR_922913 NM_001159 NP_001150 |
| Function | Oxidase with broad substrate specificity, oxidizing aromatic azaheterocycles, such as N1-methylnicotinamide and N- methylphthalazinium, as well as aldehydes, such as benzaldehyde, retinal, pyridoxal, and vanillin. Plays a key role in the metabolism of xenobiotics and drugs containing aromatic azaheterocyclic substituents. Participates in the bioactivation of prodrugs such as famciclovir, catalyzing the oxidation step from 6-deoxypenciclovir to penciclovir, which is a potent antiviral agent. Is probably involved in the regulation of reactive oxygen species homeostasis. May be a prominent source of superoxide generation via the one-electron reduction of molecular oxygen. Also may catalyze nitric oxide (NO) production via the reduction of nitrite to NO with NADH or aldehyde as electron donor. May play a role in adipogenesis. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:20444863, ECO:0000269|PubMed:22031625, ECO:0000269|PubMed:22279051, ECO:0000269|PubMed:22522748, ECO:0000269|PubMed:22996261, ECO:0000269|PubMed:2 |
| Subcellular Location | Cytoplasm {ECO:0000269|PubMed:18671973, ECO:0000269|PubMed:20444863, ECO:0000269|PubMed:23857892}. |
| Tissue Specificity | Abundant in liver, expressed in adipose tissue and at lower levels in lung, skeletal muscle, pancreas. In contrast to mice, no significant gender difference in AOX1 expression level (at protein level). {ECO:0000269|PubMed:18066686, ECO:0000269|PubMed:18671973, ECO:0000269|PubMed:20444863, ECO:0000269|PubMed:22031625, ECO:0000269|PubMed:22522748, ECO:0000269|PubMed:23857892, ECO:0000269|PubMed:8248161}. |
| Top Pathways | Tyrosine metabolism, Vitamin B6 metabolism, Nicotinate and nicotinamide metabolism, Retinol metabolism, Tryptophan metabolism |