| Gene Symbol |
APOBEC3G
|
| Entrez Gene |
60489
|
| Alt Symbol |
A3G, ARCD, ARP-9, ARP9, CEM-15, CEM15, MDS019, bK150C2.7, dJ494G10.1
|
| Species |
Human
|
| Gene Type |
protein-coding
|
| Description |
apolipoprotein B mRNA editing enzyme, catalytic polypeptide-like 3G
|
| Other Description |
APOBEC-related cytidine deaminase|APOBEC-related protein 9|DNA dC->dU editing enzyme|DNA dC->dU-editing enzyme APOBEC-3G|apolipoprotein B editing enzyme catalytic polypeptide-like 3G|apolipoprotein B mRNA editing enzyme cytidine deaminase|apolipoprotein B mRNA-editing enzyme catalytic polypeptide 3G|deoxycytidine deaminase|phorbolin-like protein MDS019
|
| Swissprots |
Q7Z2N1 Q5TF77 Q45F02 B2RDR9 Q7Z2N4 Q9H9H8 Q9HC16
|
| Accessions |
AAZ38722 ACB72734 EAW60292 Q9HC16 AB266487 BAF34652 AF182420 AAG14956 AK022802 AK092614 AK093635 AK310279 AK315650 BAG38016 BC009683 BC024268 AAH24268 BC061914 AAH61914 CR456472 CAG30358 CU013022 CAK54453 CU013310 CAK54752 DA457434 JF262036 AEA39616 JX915801 AGS14892 KC329531 AGI04219 XM_006724290 XP_006724353 NM_021822 NP_068594
|
| Function |
DNA deaminase (cytidine deaminase) which acts as an inhibitor of retrovirus replication and retrotransposon mobility via deaminase-dependent and -independent mechanisms. Exhibits potent antiviral activity against vif-deficient HIV-1. After the penetration of retroviral nucleocapsids into target cells of infection and the initiation of reverse transcription, it can induce the conversion of cytosine to uracil in the minus-sense single-strand viral DNA, leading to G-to-A hypermutations in the subsequent plus-strand viral DNA. The resultant detrimental levels of mutations in the proviral genome, along with a deamination- independent mechanism that works prior to the proviral integration, together exert efficient antiretroviral effects in infected target cells. Selectively targets single-stranded DNA and does not deaminate double-stranded DNA or single-or double- stranded RNA. Exhibits antiviral activity also against simian immunodeficiency viruses (SIVs), hepatitis B virus (HBV), equine in
|
| Subcellular Location |
Cytoplasm. Nucleus. Cytoplasm, P-body. Note=Mainly cytoplasmic. Small amount are found in the nucleus. During HIV-1 infection, virion-encapsidated in absence of HIV-1 VIF.
|
| Tissue Specificity |
Expressed in spleen, testes, ovary and peripheral blood leukocytes and CD4+ lymphocytes. Also expressed in non-permissive peripheral blood mononuclear cells, and several tumor cell lines; no expression detected in permissive lymphoid and non-lymphoid cell lines. Exists only in the LMM form in peripheral blood-derived resting CD4 T-cells and monocytes, both of which are refractory to HIV-1 infection. LMM is converted to a HMM complex when resting CD4 T-cells are activated or when monocytes are induced to differentiate into macrophages. This change correlates with increased susceptibility of these cells to HIV-1 infection. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:11863358, ECO:0000269|PubMed:12167863, ECO:0000269|PubMed:20308164}.
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