EIF2AK2
| Gene Symbol | EIF2AK2 |
|---|---|
| Entrez Gene | 5610 |
| Alt Symbol | EIF2AK1, PKR, PPP1R83, PRKR |
| Species | Human |
| Gene Type | protein-coding |
| Description | eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2-alpha kinase 2 |
| Other Description | P1/eIF-2A protein kinase|double stranded RNA activated protein kinase|eIF-2A protein kinase 2|interferon-induced, double-stranded RNA-activated protein kinase|interferon-inducible elF2alpha kinase|p68 kinase|protein kinase R|protein kinase, interferon-inducible double stranded RNA dependent|protein phosphatase 1, regulatory subunit 83|tyrosine-protein kinase EIF2AK2 |
| Swissprots | A8K3P0 P19525 E9PC80 Q7Z6F6 D6W584 Q9UIR4 Q52M43 |
| Accessions | AAC50768 AAF13156 AAO38055 AAY24317 EAX00406 EAX00407 EAX00408 EAX00409 P19525 AF086566 AI360504 AK290655 BAF83344 AK313818 BAG36554 AY302136 AAP57628 BC007769 AAH07769 BC022314 AAH22314 BC040851 AAH40851 BC057805 AAH57805 BC093676 AAH93676 BC101475 AAI01476 BC143228 BC143230 AAI43231 BM473760 BU687340 F03305 M35663 AAA36409 M85294 AAA18253 XM_011532987 XP_011531289 NM_001135651 NP_001129123 NM_001135652 NP_001129124 NM_002759 NP_002750 |
| Function | IFN-induced dsRNA-dependent serine/threonine-protein kinase which plays a key role in the innate immune response to viral infection and is also involved in the regulation of signal transduction, apoptosis, cell proliferation and differentiation. Exerts its antiviral activity on a wide range of DNA and RNA viruses including hepatitis C virus (HCV), hepatitis B virus (HBV), measles virus (MV) and herpes simplex virus 1 (HHV-1). Inhibits viral replication via phosphorylation of the alpha subunit of eukaryotic initiation factor 2 (EIF2S1), this phosphorylation impairs the recycling of EIF2S1 between successive rounds of initiation leading to inhibition of translation which eventually results in shutdown of cellular and viral protein synthesis. Also phosphorylates other substrates including p53/TP53, PPP2R5A, DHX9, ILF3, IRS1 and the HHV-1 viral protein US11. In addition to serine/threonine-protein kinase activity, also has tyrosine-protein kinase activity and phosphorylates CDK1 at 'Tyr-4' |
| Subcellular Location | Cytoplasm. Nucleus. Cytoplasm, perinuclear region. Note=Nuclear localization is elevated in acute leukemia, myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS), melanoma, breast, colon, prostate and lung cancer patient samples or cell lines as well as neurocytes from advanced Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease patients. |
| Tissue Specificity | Highly expressed in thymus, spleen and bone marrow compared to non-hematopoietic tissues such as small intestine, liver, or kidney tissues. Colocalizes with GSK3B and TAU in the Alzheimer disease (AD) brain. Elevated levels seen in breast and colon carcinomas,and which correlates with tumor progression and invasiveness or risk of progression. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:21029237, ECO:0000269|PubMed:23403623}. |
| Top Pathways | Protein processing in endoplasmic reticulum, Hepatitis C, Measles, Influenza A, Herpes simplex infection |
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