S100A8
| Gene Symbol | S100A8 |
|---|---|
| Entrez Gene | 6279 |
| Alt Symbol | 60B8AG, CAGA, CFAG, CGLA, CP-10, L1Ag, MA387, MIF, MRP8, NIF, P8 |
| Species | Human |
| Gene Type | protein-coding |
| Description | S100 calcium binding protein A8 |
| Other Description | MRP-8|S100 calcium-binding protein A8 (calgranulin A)|calgranulin A|calgranulin-A|calprotectin L1L subunit|cystic fibrosis antigen|leukocyte L1 complex light chain|migration inhibitory factor-related protein 8|protein S100-A8|urinary stone protein band A |
| Swissprots | Q9UC92 D3DV37 P05109 Q9UCJ0 Q9UCM6 A8K5L3 Q5SY70 Q9UC84 |
| Accessions | AAA36327 CAA01001 EAW53330 EAW53331 P05109 AK291328 BAF84017 BC005928 AAH05928 BT007378 AAP36042 BU935536 CR407674 CAG28602 DQ893495 ABM84421 DQ896367 ABM87366 X06234 CAA29580 Y00278 CAA68390 XM_011509861 XP_011508163 NM_002964 NP_002955 |
| Function | S100A8 is a calcium- and zinc-binding protein which plays a prominent role in the regulation of inflammatory processes and immune response. It can induce neutrophil chemotaxis and adhesion. Predominantly found as calprotectin (S100A8/A9) which has a wide plethora of intra- and extracellular functions. The intracellular functions include: facilitating leukocyte arachidonic acid trafficking and metabolism, modulation of the tubulin-dependent cytoskeleton during migration of phagocytes and activation of the neutrophilic NADPH-oxidase. Activates NADPH- oxidase by facilitating the enzyme complex assembly at the cell membrane, transferring arachidonic acid, an essential cofactor, to the enzyme complex and S100A8 contributes to the enzyme assembly by directly binding to NCF2/P67PHOX. The extracellular functions involve proinfammatory, antimicrobial, oxidant-scavenging and apoptosis-inducing activities. Its proinflammatory activity includes recruitment of leukocytes, promotion of cytokine and |
| Subcellular Location | Secreted. Cytoplasm. Cytoplasm, cytoskeleton. Cell membrane; Peripheral membrane protein. Note=Predominantly localized in the cytoplasm. Upon elevation of the intracellular calcium level, translocated from the cytoplasm to the cytoskeleton and the cell membrane. Upon neutrophil activation or endothelial adhesion of monocytes, is secreted via a microtubule-mediated, alternative pathway. |
| Tissue Specificity | Calprotectin (S100A8/9) is predominantly expressed in myeloid cells. Except for inflammatory conditions, the expression is restricted to a specific stage of myeloid differentiation since both proteins are expressed in circulating neutrophils and monocytes but are absent in normal tissue macrophages and lymphocytes. Under chronic inflammatory conditions, such as psoriasis and malignant disorders, also expressed in the epidermis. Found in high concentrations at local sites of inflammation or in the serum of patients with inflammatory diseases such as rheumatoid, cystic fibrosis, inflammatory bowel disease, Crohn's disease, giant cell arteritis, cystic fibrosis, Sjogren's syndrome, systemic lupus erythematosus, and progressive systemic sclerosis. Involved in the formation and deposition of amyloids in the aging prostate known as corpora amylacea inclusions. Strongly up-regulated in many tumors, including gastric, esophageal, colon, pancreatic, bladder, ovarian, thyroid, breast and skin ca |
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