| Gene Symbol | ATG12 |
|---|---|
| Entrez Gene | 9140 |
| Alt Symbol | APG12, APG12L, FBR93, HAPG12 |
| Species | Human |
| Gene Type | protein-coding |
| Description | autophagy related 12 |
| Other Description | ATG12 autophagy related 12 homolog|Apg12 (autophagy, yeast) homolog|ubiquitin-like protein ATG12 |
| Swissprots | O94817 Q6PJV2 |
| Accessions | EAW48954 EAW48955 EAW48956 O94817 AB002440 AB002449 AB017507 BAA36493 AK098251 AK313320 BAG36125 AL161968 BC011033 AAH11033 BC012266 AAH12266 BM697565 BP335591 BX327373 CB995198 CN400030 CR978239 DA005347 DB048378 DB530852 EU554057 ACD74941 NR_073604 NM_001277783 NP_001264712 NM_004707 NP_004698 NR_033362 NR_033363 NR_073603 |
| Function | Ubiquitin-like protein involved in autophagy vesicles formation. Conjugation with ATG5 through a ubiquitin-like conjugating system involving also ATG7 as an E1-like activating enzyme and ATG10 as an E2-like conjugating enzyme, is essential for its function. The ATG12-ATG5 conjugate acts as an E3-like enzyme which is required for lipidation of ATG8 family proteins and their association to the vesicle membranes. The ATG12-ATG5 conjugate also regulates negatively the innate antiviral immune response by blocking the type I IFN production pathway through direct association with RARRES3 and MAVS. Plays also a role in translation or delivery of incoming viral RNA to the translation apparatus. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:12207896, ECO:0000269|PubMed:17709747, ECO:0000269|PubMed:17999726, ECO:0000269|PubMed:19074260, ECO:0000269|PubMed:19164948, ECO:0000269|PubMed:19666601, ECO:0000269|PubMed:23202584}. |
| Subcellular Location | Cytoplasm {ECO:0000250}. Preautophagosomal structure membrane {ECO:0000269|PubMed:22342342}; Peripheral membrane protein {ECO:0000269|PubMed:22342342}. Note=TECPR1 recruits the ATG12-ATG5 conjugate to the autolysosomal membrane. |
| Tissue Specificity | Ubiquitous. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:9852036}. |
| Top Pathways | RIG-I-like receptor signaling pathway, Regulation of autophagy |