| Gene Symbol | TLR9 |
|---|---|
| Entrez Gene | 54106 |
| Alt Symbol | CD289 |
| Species | Human |
| Gene Type | protein-coding |
| Description | toll-like receptor 9 |
| Other Description | - |
| Swissprots | Q9HD70 Q9NYC3 B3Y661 Q9NYC2 D1CS56 Q9HD69 Q6UVZ2 Q9NR96 Q9HD68 |
| Accessions | AAZ95513 AAZ95514 AAZ95515 AAZ95516 AAZ95517 AAZ95518 AAZ95519 AAZ95520 ABW37074 ABW37075 ABW37076 ABW37077 ABW37078 ACQ41818 ACQ41819 ACQ41820 ACQ41821 ACQ41822 ACQ41823 ACQ41824 ACQ41825 ACQ41826 ACQ41827 ACQ41828 ACQ41829 ACQ41830 ACQ41831 CCQ43550 EAW65191 EAW65193 Q9NR96 AB045180 BAB19259 AB445673 BAG55070 AF245704 AAF78037 AF246972 AAG01734 AF259262 AAF72189 AF259263 AAF72190 AY359085 AAQ89443 BC032713 AAH32713 EU831821 ACE87339 EU831898 ACE86657 NM_017442 NP_059138 NM_138688 |
| Function | Key component of innate and adaptive immunity. TLRs (Toll-like receptors) control host immune response against pathogens through recognition of molecular patterns specific to microorganisms. TLR9 is a nucleotide-sensing TLR which is activated by unmethylated cytidine-phosphate-guanosine (CpG) dinucleotides. Acts via MYD88 and TRAF6, leading to NF-kappa-B activation, cytokine secretion and the inflammatory response. Controls lymphocyte response to Helicobacter infection. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:11564765, ECO:0000269|PubMed:17932028}. |
| Subcellular Location | Endoplasmic reticulum membrane {ECO:0000250}; Single-pass type I membrane protein {ECO:0000250}. Endosome {ECO:0000250}. Lysosome {ECO:0000250}. Cytoplasmic vesicle, phagosome {ECO:0000250}. Note=Relocalizes from endoplasmic reticulum to endosome and lysosome upon stimulation with agonist. {ECO:0000250}. |
| Tissue Specificity | Highly expressed in spleen, lymph node, tonsil and peripheral blood leukocytes, especially in plasmacytoid pre- dendritic cells. Levels are much lower in monocytes and CD11c+ immature dendritic cells. Also detected in lung and liver. |
| Top Pathways | Toll-like receptor signaling pathway, Chagas disease (American trypanosomiasis), Malaria, African trypanosomiasis, Measles |