| Gene Symbol | ARRB1 |
|---|---|
| Entrez Gene | 408 |
| Alt Symbol | ARB1, ARR1 |
| Species | Human |
| Gene Type | protein-coding |
| Description | arrestin, beta 1 |
| Other Description | arrestin 2|beta-arrestin-1 |
| Swissprots | Q9BTK8 B6V9G8 O75630 P49407 Q2PP20 O75625 |
| Accessions | ABC40724 EAW74960 EAW74961 EAW74962 P49407 AF084040 AAC33295 AF084940 AAC34123 AK074660 AK289718 BAF82407 AK293758 BAH11589 AL157484 BC003636 AAH03636 BM681392 BQ883950 BU594296 BX402200 CB853136 CD365891 CR735690 DA358665 FJ348262 ACI96306 HQ447288 ADQ31775 L04685 AAA35558 XM_005273997 XP_005274054 XM_011545034 XP_011543336 XM_011545035 XP_011543337 XM_011545036 XP_011543338 NM_004041 NP_004032 NM_020251 NP_064647 |
| Function | Functions in regulating agonist-mediated G-protein coupled receptor (GPCR) signaling by mediating both receptor desensitization and resensitization processes. During homologous desensitization, beta-arrestins bind to the GPRK-phosphorylated receptor and sterically preclude its coupling to the cognate G- protein; the binding appears to require additional receptor determinants exposed only in the active receptor conformation. The beta-arrestins target many receptors for internalization by acting as endocytic adapters (CLASPs, clathrin-associated sorting proteins) and recruiting the GPRCs to the adapter protein 2 complex 2 (AP-2) in clathrin-coated pits (CCPs). However, the extent of beta-arrestin involvement appears to vary significantly depending on the receptor, agonist and cell type. Internalized arrestin-receptor complexes traffic to intracellular endosomes, where they remain uncoupled from G-proteins. Two different modes of arrestin-mediated internalization occur. Class A receptors, |
| Subcellular Location | Cytoplasm. Nucleus. Cell membrane. Membrane, clathrin-coated pit {ECO:0000305}. Cell projection, pseudopodium {ECO:0000250}. Cytoplasmic vesicle. Note=Translocates to the plasma membrane and colocalizes with antagonist-stimulated GPCRs. The monomeric form is predominantly located in the nucleus. The oligomeric form is located in the cytoplasm. Translocates to the nucleus upon stimulation of OPRD1 (By similarity). {ECO:0000250}. |
| Top Pathways | MAPK signaling pathway, Endocytosis, Chemokine signaling pathway, Phototransduction, Morphine addiction |